Difference between revisions of "Balerion"

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{{Infobox character
 
{{Infobox character
 
| Character_name = Balerion
 
| Character_name = Balerion
| image = [[File:Aegon on Balerion.jpg|350px]]  
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| image = [[File:Aegon on Balerion.jpg|400px]]  
| image_caption = [[Aegon the Conqueror]] rides atop Balerion, as depicted by Jordi Gonzalez Escamilla in ''[[The World of Ice and Fire]]''
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| image_caption = [[Aegon the Conqueror]] rides atop Balerion, as depicted by Jordi Gonzalez Escamilla in ''[[The World of Ice & Fire]]''
 
| Alias = The Black Dread
 
| Alias = The Black Dread
 
| Title =
 
| Title =
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| Spouse =
 
| Spouse =
 
| Place_of_Birth = [[Valyria]]  
 
| Place_of_Birth = [[Valyria]]  
| Date_of_Birth = or ~several years before [[126 BC]]<ref>''See the [[Years after Aegon's Conquest/Calculations Ages#Balerion|Balerion]] calculation</ref><ref group="N">While Balerion's exact age at the time of his death cannot be established, Barristan Selmy's estimation of two hundred years compared to the two hundred and twenty year minimum implies Balerion was reasonably young upon arrival on Dragonstone</ref>
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| Date_of_Birth = or ~several years before [[126 BC]]<ref>''See the [[Years after Aegon's Conquest/Calculations Ages#Balerion|Balerion]] calculation</ref><ref group="N">While Balerion's exact age at the time of his death cannot be established, Barristan Selmy's estimation of two hundred years compared to the two hundred and twenty year minimum, implies Balerion was reasonably young upon arrival on Dragonstone</ref>
 
| Place_of_Death =
 
| Place_of_Death =
 
| Date_of_Death = {{Date|94}}
 
| Date_of_Death = {{Date|94}}
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}}
 
}}
  
[[File:Balerion.jpg|thumb|400px|Balerion in the [[War of Conquest]]]]
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[[File:Balerion.jpg|thumb|400px|Balerion in the [[War of Conquest]] ©HBO]]
'''Balerion''', called the '''Black Dread''', was one of the three great [[dragons]] of [[Aegon I Targaryen]] and his sisters, that were used to conquer much of [[Westeros]] during the [[War of Conquest]]. Balerion died of old age<ref>[[Not a Blog]]: [http://grrm.livejournal.com/360936.html?thread=18791400#t18791400 The Rogues are Coming (March 12, 2014), Reply to question (March 12, 2014)]</ref> in {{Date|94}}{{ref|trp}} during the reign of King [[Jaehaerys I Targaryen]], around two hundred years old.{{Ref|aSoS|8}}
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 +
'''Balerion''', called the '''Black Dread''', was a [[dragon]] of [[House Targaryen]]. He was [[dragonrider|ridden]] by King [[Aegon I Targaryen]] during the [[War of Conquest]], alongside his sister Queen [[Visenya Targaryen|Visenya]]'s [[Vhagar]], and his sister Queen [[Rhaenys Targaryen|Rhaenys]]'s [[Meraxes]].{{Ref|aCoK|12}} Other known riders of Balerion were King [[Maegor I Targaryen]]{{ref|twoiaf| The Targaryen Kings: Aenys I}}{{ref|tsotd}} and King [[Viserys I Targaryen]].{{ref|twoiaf| The Targaryen Kings: Jaehaerys I}}{{ref|trp}}
 +
 
 +
Balerion died of old age<ref>[[Not a Blog]]: [http://grrm.livejournal.com/360936.html?thread=18791400#t18791400 The Rogues are Coming (March 12, 2014), Reply to question (March 12, 2014)]</ref> in {{Date|94}}{{ref|twoiaf| The Targaryen Kings: Jaehaerys I}}{{ref|trp}} during the reign of King [[Jaehaerys I Targaryen]], around two hundred years old.{{Ref|aSoS|8}}
  
 
==Appearance==
 
==Appearance==
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==History==
 
==History==
Balerion was named after the ancient god of the [[Valyria|Valyrian Freehold]].{{Ref|aCoK|12}} He was born in Valyria. Balerion was one of the five dragons [[Aenar Targaryen]] brought with him when he fled to [[Dragonstone]] to survive the [[Doom of Valyria]].{{ref|twoiaf| Ancient History: The Doom of Valyria}}<ref>[http://thewertzone.blogspot.com/2012/09/the-full-story-of-targaryen-conquest-in.html?spref=tw&m=1]</ref>{{ref|twoiaf| The Reign of the Dragons: The Conquest}}
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Balerion was named after the ancient [[Balerion (god)|god]] of the [[Valyrian Freehold]].{{Ref|aCoK|12}} He was born in Valyria, and was one of the five dragons [[Aenar Targaryen]] brought with him when he fled to [[Dragonstone]] to survive the [[Doom of Valyria]].{{ref|twoiaf| Ancient History: The Doom of Valyria}}{{ref|twoiaf| The Reign of the Dragons: The Conquest}}
 +
 
 +
At some point, Lord [[Aegon I Targaryen|Aegon Targaryen]] claimed Balerion. Aegon first rode Balerion, demonstrating that he was a [[dragonrider]], some time before he married his sisters [[Visenya Targaryen|Visenya]] and [[Rhaenys Targaryen|Rhaenys]].{{Ref|twoiaf| The Reign of the Dragons: The Conquest}} Aegon became involved in the wars in the [[Disputed Lands]] when [[Pentos]] and [[Tyrosh]] approached him, inviting him to join a grand alliance against [[Volantis]], and he chose to heed their call. Mounting Balerion, he flew east to meet the [[Prince of Pentos]] and the [[magister]]s of the [[Free City]], then flew to [[Lys]] in time to set ablaze a [[Volantene]] fleet trying to take the city.{{ref|twoiaf| Ancient History: The Doom of Valyria}}{{ref|adwd|14}}  
  
 
===Aegon the Conqueror===
 
===Aegon the Conqueror===
[[Aegon I Targaryen|Aegon Targaryen]], became involved in the wars in the [[Disputed Lands]], when [[Pentos]] and [[Tyrosh]] approached him, inviting him to join a grand alliance against [[Volantis]], he chose to heed their call. Mounting Balerion, he flew east to meet the [[Prince of Pentos]] and the [[magister]]s of the [[Free City]], then flew to [[Lys]] in time to set ablaze a [[Volantene]] fleet trying to take the city.{{ref|twoiaf| Ancient History: The Doom of Valyria}}
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[[File: Forging the iron throne.jpg|400px|thumb|right|Balerion and workers help forge the [[Iron Throne]], as depicted by Donato Giancola]]
 +
Aegon then turned west, to conquer the [[Seven Kingdoms]]. The first true test of Aegon's [[War of Conquest]] came from Lords [[House Mooton|Mooton]] and [[House Darklyn|Darklyn]], who had joined forces to push the invaders out. [[Orys Baratheon]] rode out to meet them, while Aegon, riding Balerion, descended on them from above. Both lords were killed in the battle.{{ref|twoiaf| The Reign of the Dragons: The Conquest}}
  
Aegon then turned west to conquer the [[Seven Kingdoms]].The first true test of Aegon's in his [[War of Conquest]] came from Lords [[House Mooton|Mooton]] and [[House Darklyn|Darklyn]] who had joined forces to push the invaders out. [[Orys Baratheon]] rode out to meet them, while Aegon riding Balerion descended on them from above, both Lords were killed in the battle.{{ref|twoiaf| The Reign of the Dragons: The Conquest}}
+
Aegon then crossed the [[Blackwater]] to meet King [[Harren Hoare]] at [[Harrenhal]]. King Harren the Black took refuge in the formidable fortress of Harrenhal. Aegon gave him till sunset to surrender, but he did not yield. Aegon took Balerion high up and descended inside the castle walls, and put the castle to flame. Balerion's [[dragonfire]] burned so hot that the towers of [[Harrenhal]] went up like candles, melting and twisting into the shapes they retain to this day. King Harren and his sons all perished, ending the line of [[House Hoare]].{{ref|twoiaf| The Reign of the Dragons: The Conquest}}  
  
Aegon then crossed the [[Blackwater]] to meet King [[Harren Hoare]] at [[Harrenhal]]. King Harren the Black took refuge in the formidable fortress of Harrenhal. Aegon gave him till sunset to surrender, he did not yeild. Aegon took Balerion high up and descended inside the castle walls and put the castle to flame. Balerion's flames burned so hot that the towers of [[Harrenhal]] went up like candles, melting and twisting into the shapes they retain to this day. King Harren and his sons all perished, ending the line of [[House Hoare]].{{ref|twoiaf| The Reign of the Dragons: The Conquest}}  
+
Balerion was also deployed in the battle that became known as the [[Field of Fire]], the only time in history that all three of the fabled Targaryen dragons took to the sky at the same time. Between [[Vhagar]], [[Meraxes]], and Balerion, four thousand men were burned to death. King [[Mern IX Gardener]] died, and with him [[House Gardener]]. The army was broken, and Aegon was victorious.{{Ref|aGoT|13}}{{ref|twoiaf| The Reign of the Dragons: The Conquest}}
  
Balerion was also deployed in the battle that became known as the [[Field of Fire]], the only time in history that all three of the fabled Targaryen dragons took to the sky at the same time. Between [[Vhagar]], [[Meraxes]] and Balerion, four thousand men were burned to death. King [[Mern Gardener|Mern]] died, and with him [[House Gardener]]. The army was broken and Aegon I was victorious.{{Ref|aGoT|13}}{{ref|twoiaf| The Reign of the Dragons: The Conquest}}
+
Aegon then headed to [[Highgarden]], which yielded without a fight. When he heard word of King [[Torrhen Stark]] and the [[northmen]] marching south, he flew to meet them, calling his sisters and all bannermen to join him. Torrhen submitted the [[north]] to the rule of the [[House Targaryen|Targaryen]]s. Afterwards, Aegon headed south for the submission of [[Oldtown]].{{ref|twoiaf| The Reign of the Dragons: The Conquest}}
 
 
Aegon then headed to [[Highgarden]] which yielded without a fight, when he heard word of King [[Torrhen Stark]] and the northmen marching south he flew to meet them calling his sisters and all bannermen to join him. Torrhen submitted the [[north]] to the rule of the [[House Targaryen|Targaryen]]s. After Aegon headed south and the submission of [[Oldtown]].{{ref|twoiaf| The Reign of the Dragons: The Conquest}}
 
  
 
According to song, at the end of the war Balerion helped to forge the [[Iron Throne]] by melting the swords of Aegon's fallen enemies.{{Ref|aGoT|43}}
 
According to song, at the end of the war Balerion helped to forge the [[Iron Throne]] by melting the swords of Aegon's fallen enemies.{{Ref|aGoT|43}}
  
 
===Maegor I===
 
===Maegor I===
[[File:Sept of Remembrance.jpg|400px|thumb|right|[[Maegor I]] and Balerion burn the [[Sept of Remembrance]]. by Jordi Gonzalez]]
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[[File:Sept of Remembrance.jpg|400px|thumb|right|[[Maegor I]] and Balerion burn the [[Sept of Remembrance]], by Jordi Gonzalez for ''[[The World of Ice & Fire]]'']]
 +
After Aegon's death, Balerion was claimed by his son Prince [[Maegor I Targaryen|Maegor]], who had long coveted his father's mount, and had not claimed another dragon because he considered all others unworthy. After [[Jonos Arryn]] imprisoned his brother Lord [[Ronnel Arryn|Ronnel]] and declared himself independent of the [[Iron Throne]], Maegor rode the Black Dread to the [[Vale]] and put down his rebellion.{{ref|tsotd}}{{ref|twoiaf| The Targaryen Kings: Aenys I}}
  
After Aegon's death, Balerion was claimed by his son Prince [[Maegor I Targaryen|Maegor]], who had long coveted his father's mount and had not claimed another dragon because he considered all others unworthy. After [[Jonos Arryn]] imprisoned his brother Lord [[Ronnel Arryn|Ronnel]] and declared himself independent of the [[Iron Throne]], Maegor rode the Black Dread to the [[Vale]] and put down his rebellion.{{ref|twoiaf| The Targaryen Kings: Aenys I}}
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When Maegor was exiled to [[Pentos]] as punishment for his [[polygamy|polygamous marriage]], he took Balerion with him. After his brother King [[Aenys I Targaryen|Aenys I]] died, Maegor flew back to [[Westeros]] on Balerion to claim the Iron Throne. In his reign as king, Maegor used Balerion to [[Burning of the Sept of Remembrance|destroy]] the [[Sept of Remembrance]], and in many other battles against the [[Faith Militant]]. In the [[Battle Beneath the Gods Eye]], Maegor used Balerion to kill his nephew Prince [[Aegon Targaryen (son of Aenys I)|Aegon]] and his dragon [[Quicksilver]].{{ref|twoiaf| The Targaryen Kings: Maegor I}}
 
 
When he was exiled, Maegor took Balerion with him to [[Pentos]]. After his brother King [[Aenys I Targaryen|Aenys I]] died, Maegor flew back to [[Westeros]] on Balerion's back to claim the Iron Throne. In his reign as king, Maegor used Balerion to [[Burning of the Sept of Remembrance|destroy]] the [[Sept of Remembrance]] and in many other battles against the [[Faith Militant]]. In the [[battle Beneath the Gods Eye]], Maegor used Balerion to kill his nephew Prince [[Aegon Targaryen (son of Aenys I)|Aegon]] and his dragon [[Quicksilver]].{{ref|twoiaf| The Targaryen Kings: Maegor I}}
 
  
 
===Viserys I===
 
===Viserys I===
 
The last rider of Balerion was [[Viserys I Targaryen]], then still a prince. He was Balerion's rider at the time of his death in {{date|94}}. Viserys never claimed another dragon.{{ref|trp}}
 
The last rider of Balerion was [[Viserys I Targaryen]], then still a prince. He was Balerion's rider at the time of his death in {{date|94}}. Viserys never claimed another dragon.{{ref|trp}}
  
Along with other Targaryen [[Skulls of the Targaryen dragons|dragon skulls]] Balerion's huge skull used to hang on a wall in the [[Red Keep]]'s throne room. After the [[War of the Usurper]] King [[Robert I Baratheon|Robert]] had Balerion's skull removed and stored in a dank cellar along with the others.{{ref|agot|13}}
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===Legacy===
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[[File: Arya Stark and Balerion's skull by Justin Sweet.jpg|400px|thumb|right|[[Arya Stark]] encounters the skull of Balerion the Black Dread, by Justin Sweet for ''[[The World of Ice & Fire]]'']]
 +
Along with eighteen{{Ref|aGoT|13}} other Targaryen [[Dragon skulls (Targaryen)|dragon skulls]], Balerion's skull hung on a wall in the [[Red Keep]]'s throne room.{{Ref|aGoT|3}}{{Ref|aGoT|12}}  After [[Robert's Rebellion]], King [[Robert I Baratheon]] had the skulls removed from the throne room, and stored them in a dank cellar. In {{date|284}}, when [[Tyrion Lannister]] visited the capital for the wedding of his sister [[Cersei Lannister|Cersei]] to Robert, he observed the skulls in the cellar, including Balerion's.{{Ref|aGoT|13}} In {{date|298}}, [[Arya Stark]] encountered the dragon skulls while passing through the Red Keep cellars.{{ref|agot|32}}{{ref|agot|50}}
  
There is a rather nice picture of Balerion the Black Dread done in coloured inks in the book ''[[Dragonkin, Being a History of House Targaryen from Exile to Apotheosis, with a Consideration of the Life and Death of Dragons]]'' written by [[Maester]] [[Thomax]].{{Ref|aFfC|5}}
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There is a rather nice picture of Balerion the Black Dread, done in colored inks, in the book ''[[Dragonkin, Being a History of House Targaryen from Exile to Apotheosis, with a Consideration of the Life and Death of Dragons]]'', written by [[Maester]] [[Thomax]].{{Ref|aFfC|5}}
  
 
==Known riders==
 
==Known riders==
 
* King [[Aegon I Targaryen]]
 
* King [[Aegon I Targaryen]]
 
* King [[Maegor I Targaryen]]
 
* King [[Maegor I Targaryen]]
* King [[Viserys I Targaryen]]{{Ref|TRP}}
+
* King [[Viserys I Targaryen]]
  
 
==Quotes==
 
==Quotes==
{{Quote|His [[Dragonflame|fire]] was as black as his scales, his wings so vast that whole towns were swallowed up in their shadow when he passed overhead.{{Ref|ACOK|12}}}} – [[Daenerys Targaryen]]
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{{quote|[[Aegon I Targaryen|The Conqueror's]] [[Maegor I Targaryen|son]] had claimed a dragon at last, and none other than the Black Dread, the greatest of them all.{{ref|tsotd}}}}
 
+
{{Quote|His [[Dragonflame|fire]] was as black as his scales, his wings so vast that whole towns were swallowed up in their shadow when he passed overhead.{{Ref|ACOK|12}}|[[Daenerys Targaryen]]}}
 
+
{{Quote|Balerion the Black Dread was two hundred years old when he died during the reign of [[Jaehaerys I Targaryen|Jaehaerys the Conciliator]]. He was so large he could swallow an [[aurochs]] whole. A [[dragon]] never stops growing, [[Daenerys Targaryen|Your Grace]], so long as he has food and freedom.{{Ref|ASOS|8}}|[[Barristan Selmy|Arstan Whitebeard]], to [[Daenerys Targaryen]]}}
{{Quote|Balerion the Black Dread was two hundred years old when he died during the reign of [[Jaehaerys I Targaryen|Jaehaerys the Conciliator]]. He was so large he could swallow an [[aurochs]] whole. A [[dragon]] never stops growing, [[Daenerys Targaryen|Your Grace]], so long as he has food and freedom.{{Ref|ASOS|8}}}} – [[Barristan Selmy|Arstan Whitebeard]]
 
  
 
==Notes==
 
==Notes==
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==References==
 
==References==
{{references|2}}
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{{references}}
  
 
{{Dragons}}
 
{{Dragons}}

Revision as of 10:12, 4 July 2018

Balerion
Aegon on Balerion.jpg
Aegon the Conqueror rides atop Balerion, as depicted by Jordi Gonzalez Escamilla in The World of Ice & Fire

Alias The Black Dread
Allegiances
Born In or ~several years before 126 BC[1][N 1]Valyria
Died In 94 AC
Books
Balerion in the War of Conquest ©HBO

Balerion, called the Black Dread, was a dragon of House Targaryen. He was ridden by King Aegon I Targaryen during the War of Conquest, alongside his sister Queen Visenya's Vhagar, and his sister Queen Rhaenys's Meraxes.[2] Other known riders of Balerion were King Maegor I Targaryen[3][4] and King Viserys I Targaryen.[5][6]

Balerion died of old age[7] in 94 AC[5][6] during the reign of King Jaehaerys I Targaryen, around two hundred years old.[8]

Appearance

See also: Images of Balerion

Balerion was the largest of all the Targaryen dragons. His fire was as black as his scales, his wingspan so vast that entire towns would fall under his shadow when he passed overhead.[2] His teeth were as long as swords, and his jaws were large enough to swallow an aurochs whole, or even one of the hairy mammoths that are said to roam the cold wastes beyond the Port of Ibben.[9]

History

Balerion was named after the ancient god of the Valyrian Freehold.[2] He was born in Valyria, and was one of the five dragons Aenar Targaryen brought with him when he fled to Dragonstone to survive the Doom of Valyria.[10][11]

At some point, Lord Aegon Targaryen claimed Balerion. Aegon first rode Balerion, demonstrating that he was a dragonrider, some time before he married his sisters Visenya and Rhaenys.[11] Aegon became involved in the wars in the Disputed Lands when Pentos and Tyrosh approached him, inviting him to join a grand alliance against Volantis, and he chose to heed their call. Mounting Balerion, he flew east to meet the Prince of Pentos and the magisters of the Free City, then flew to Lys in time to set ablaze a Volantene fleet trying to take the city.[10][12]

Aegon the Conqueror

Balerion and workers help forge the Iron Throne, as depicted by Donato Giancola

Aegon then turned west, to conquer the Seven Kingdoms. The first true test of Aegon's War of Conquest came from Lords Mooton and Darklyn, who had joined forces to push the invaders out. Orys Baratheon rode out to meet them, while Aegon, riding Balerion, descended on them from above. Both lords were killed in the battle.[11]

Aegon then crossed the Blackwater to meet King Harren Hoare at Harrenhal. King Harren the Black took refuge in the formidable fortress of Harrenhal. Aegon gave him till sunset to surrender, but he did not yield. Aegon took Balerion high up and descended inside the castle walls, and put the castle to flame. Balerion's dragonfire burned so hot that the towers of Harrenhal went up like candles, melting and twisting into the shapes they retain to this day. King Harren and his sons all perished, ending the line of House Hoare.[11]

Balerion was also deployed in the battle that became known as the Field of Fire, the only time in history that all three of the fabled Targaryen dragons took to the sky at the same time. Between Vhagar, Meraxes, and Balerion, four thousand men were burned to death. King Mern IX Gardener died, and with him House Gardener. The army was broken, and Aegon was victorious.[9][11]

Aegon then headed to Highgarden, which yielded without a fight. When he heard word of King Torrhen Stark and the northmen marching south, he flew to meet them, calling his sisters and all bannermen to join him. Torrhen submitted the north to the rule of the Targaryens. Afterwards, Aegon headed south for the submission of Oldtown.[11]

According to song, at the end of the war Balerion helped to forge the Iron Throne by melting the swords of Aegon's fallen enemies.[13]

Maegor I

Maegor I and Balerion burn the Sept of Remembrance, by Jordi Gonzalez for The World of Ice & Fire

After Aegon's death, Balerion was claimed by his son Prince Maegor, who had long coveted his father's mount, and had not claimed another dragon because he considered all others unworthy. After Jonos Arryn imprisoned his brother Lord Ronnel and declared himself independent of the Iron Throne, Maegor rode the Black Dread to the Vale and put down his rebellion.[4][3]

When Maegor was exiled to Pentos as punishment for his polygamous marriage, he took Balerion with him. After his brother King Aenys I died, Maegor flew back to Westeros on Balerion to claim the Iron Throne. In his reign as king, Maegor used Balerion to destroy the Sept of Remembrance, and in many other battles against the Faith Militant. In the Battle Beneath the Gods Eye, Maegor used Balerion to kill his nephew Prince Aegon and his dragon Quicksilver.[14]

Viserys I

The last rider of Balerion was Viserys I Targaryen, then still a prince. He was Balerion's rider at the time of his death in 94 AC. Viserys never claimed another dragon.[6]

Legacy

Arya Stark encounters the skull of Balerion the Black Dread, by Justin Sweet for The World of Ice & Fire

Along with eighteen[9] other Targaryen dragon skulls, Balerion's skull hung on a wall in the Red Keep's throne room.[15][16] After Robert's Rebellion, King Robert I Baratheon had the skulls removed from the throne room, and stored them in a dank cellar. In 284 AC, when Tyrion Lannister visited the capital for the wedding of his sister Cersei to Robert, he observed the skulls in the cellar, including Balerion's.[9] In 298 AC, Arya Stark encountered the dragon skulls while passing through the Red Keep cellars.[17][18]

There is a rather nice picture of Balerion the Black Dread, done in colored inks, in the book Dragonkin, Being a History of House Targaryen from Exile to Apotheosis, with a Consideration of the Life and Death of Dragons, written by Maester Thomax.[19]

Known riders

Quotes

The Conqueror's son had claimed a dragon at last, and none other than the Black Dread, the greatest of them all.[4]

His fire was as black as his scales, his wings so vast that whole towns were swallowed up in their shadow when he passed overhead.[2]

Balerion the Black Dread was two hundred years old when he died during the reign of Jaehaerys the Conciliator. He was so large he could swallow an aurochs whole. A dragon never stops growing, Your Grace, so long as he has food and freedom.[8]

Notes

  1. While Balerion's exact age at the time of his death cannot be established, Barristan Selmy's estimation of two hundred years compared to the two hundred and twenty year minimum, implies Balerion was reasonably young upon arrival on Dragonstone

References

  1. See the Balerion calculation
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 A Clash of Kings, Chapter 12, Daenerys I.
  3. 3.0 3.1 The World of Ice & Fire, The Targaryen Kings: Aenys I.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 The Sons of the Dragon.
  5. 5.0 5.1 The World of Ice & Fire, The Targaryen Kings: Jaehaerys I.
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 The Rogue Prince.
  7. Not a Blog: The Rogues are Coming (March 12, 2014), Reply to question (March 12, 2014)
  8. 8.0 8.1 A Storm of Swords, Chapter 8, Daenerys I.
  9. 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 A Game of Thrones, Chapter 13, Tyrion II.
  10. 10.0 10.1 The World of Ice & Fire, Ancient History: The Doom of Valyria.
  11. 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 The World of Ice & Fire, The Reign of the Dragons: The Conquest.
  12. A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 14, Tyrion IV.
  13. A Game of Thrones, Chapter 43, Eddard XI.
  14. The World of Ice & Fire, The Targaryen Kings: Maegor I.
  15. A Game of Thrones, Chapter 3, Daenerys I.
  16. A Game of Thrones, Chapter 12, Eddard II.
  17. A Game of Thrones, Chapter 32, Arya III.
  18. A Game of Thrones, Chapter 50, Arya IV.
  19. A Feast for Crows, Chapter 5, Samwell I.